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The biological activity of a pesticide, be it chemical or biological in nature, is determined by its active ingredient (AI - also called the ''active substance''). Pesticide products very rarely consist of pure technical material. The AI is usually formulated with other materials and this is the product as sold, but it may be further diluted in use. Formulation improves the properties of a chemical for handling, storage, application and may substantially influence effectiveness and safety.〔Knowles, DA (1998) ''Chemistry and technology of agricultural formulations''. Kluwer Academic, London〕 Formulation terminology follows a 2-letter convention: (''e.g.'' GR: granules) listed by CropLife International (formerly GIFAP then GCPF) in the ''Catalogue of Pesticide Formulation Types'' (Monograph 2); see: ( download page ). Some manufacturers do not follow these industry standards, which can cause confusion for users. ==Water-miscible formulations== By far the most frequently used products are formulations for mixing with water then applying as sprays. Water miscible, older formulations include: * EC 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「pesticide formulation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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